Furnace wall structure



Oct. 3, 1939. s. w. DAVEY FURNACE WALL STRUCTURE Filed Jan. 23, 1937Patented Oct. 3, 1939 STATES ATENT OFFIC 18 Claims.

The present invention relates to furnace wall structures and hasparticular reference to furnace wall structures of the kind in which aninner refractory wall is sectionally supported by 5 an outer framework.The general object of the invention is to provide an improved form ofwall structure having numerous practical advantages as compared withprevious forms of construction.

The nature of the invention and of the various advantages to be derivedfrom its use may best be understood from the ensuing description ofpractical embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in theaccompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, in which:

Fig, 1 is a vertical section showing one form of wall embodying theinvention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal view of the wall shown in Fig. 1, partly insection and partly in plan view.

Fig. 3 is a View similar to Fig. 1, showing an- 241 other form ofconstruction;

Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 2 and showing the form of wallillustrated in Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5 is a View taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Referring now to the drawing and more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2thereof, the outer supporting framework comprises a row of verticalcolumns l0, preferably of I-beam section as shown in the drawing. Aseries of vertically spaced rows of cast supporting members I2 iscarried by the columns It as, for example, by bolts l4. Each of thesemembers I2 is provided with spaced flanges i6 and [8 which mostadvantageously are inclined inwardly and upwardly to providesubstantially continuous horizontally extending channels for the supportof bearing tile 20.

The bearing tile 2!} are advantageously, al-

though not necessarily, of diamond shape'crosssection as shown in thedrawing.

The inner refractory wall is composed of a series of verticallysuperposed rows of wall tile 22 which are of general diamond shape so asto provide upwardly and inwardly extending joints 24 parallel to theupper and lower faces 26 and 28 respectively of the bearing tile. Attheir upper and lower outer corners the wall tile 22 are notched as at3B and 32 to provide channellike recesses at the outer part of the jointbetween adjacent rows of wall tile.

The portions of the bearing tile which project beyond the flanges l6 andI8 extend into the channels formed by the notches, each shelf formed bya row of bearing tile providing inde- 55 "pendent support for adifferent row of wall tile.

As will be evident from the drawing, the inclination of the bearingsurface of the bearing tile enables the wall tile to be retained inposition by gravity alone and it is to be noted that in accordance withthe invention it is important that the inner upper corner 34 of each rowof bearing tile that is in supporting contact with the wall tile islocated inwardly of the center of gravity (indicated at 36) of thelatter tile.

By extending the support inwardly of the center of gravity of the walltile, any tendency of the latter to be displaced inwardly of the furnaceon account of any movement induced by expansion or contraction of thefurnace wall is avoided.

Obviously, it is not necessary for the bearing tile to be 'of diamondshape cross-section in order to achieve the desired object, but for thesake of uniformity of notching of the wall tile and general efficiencyof design, I prefer to use the diamond shape sections illustrated in thedrawing.

Some slight space should be left at the joints for expansion verticallyof the wall tile and these joints are advantageously packed by suitablerefractory packing material indicated at 38 and 40.

As will be evident from the drawing, the refractory supporting tilecooperate with the wall tile to provide a ship-lap horizontal jointbetween adjacent rows of wall tile, thus diminishing the chance for airor gas leakage through the wall, and if desired the vertical jointsbetween adjacent wall tile in the same row may be made of ship-lap formas indicated at 42 in Fig. 2.

The bearing tile may have the same horizontal extent as the horizontalextent of the wall tile but I prefer to have the bearing tile ofsomewhat greater horizontal extent than that of a single wall tile.Advantageously the bearing tile are placed so that the joints betweenthem are staggered with respect to the vertical joints between adjacentwall tile, as shown in Fig. 2.

Advantageously, the outer face of the refractory wall between the rowsof bearing tile is covered with a layer of insulating material 34.

Further, vertically extending slots may advantageously be formed in theflanges of the bearing members and in the bearing tile as indicated at46 to facilitate vertical circulation of air immediately outside therefractory wall. This slot arrangement is of particular utility in casethe outer framework is provided with sheathing (not shown) to enclosethe inner structure.

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In the form of construction shown in Figs. 3 to 5, the same form of walltile is employed as is used in the form previously described. In thepresent form, however, the vertical columns I0 are horizontallyconnected by a series of vertically spaced horizontally extendingstructural steel channel members 48, and cast supporting clips 50 of theform shown in Fig. 5 are bolted to these channel members at suitablyspaced intervals. 'The clips 59 have inclined flanges 52 and 54 similarto the flanges l6 and it] on the members l2, and in this instance thebearing tile Eta are relatively long so that their horizontal extent isthat of a substantial number of the wall tile. In this form ofconstruction the bearing tile bridge a substantial horizontal spacebetween adjacent clips.

In other respects the construction is in general similar to thatpreviously described, although it will be evident from Fig. 4 that thespaces between adjacent clips 50 make unnecessary any slotting of thebearing tile or their supporting members.

Advantageously, the inner faces of the clips 55 are provided withinwardly projecting ribs 56 and 58 of the shape shown in Fig. 5, and arefurther provided with a central bolt hole 60 and laterally located boltholes 62 and 64.

In some instances it may be desirable to bolt a clip to the channelmember directly in alignment with the web of one of the verticalcolumns, in which event it will be bolted through the holes 52 and 6-4and the proximity to these holes of parts of the ribs 56 and 58 preventsthe bolt heads from turning when the nuts are screwed on or off from theouter side of the framework. In cases where a clip is bolted to achannel member between the vertical columns, a single bolt passingthrough the hole 66 will be sufficient and as will be evident from Fig.5, turning of the bolt head will in this case also be prevented by theproximity of the ribs 56 and 58.

Among the more important of the advantages to be derived from the use ofthe construction described, the following are to be noted.

The shape of the wall tile is relatively very simple and easy to produceand presents no weak or easily fracturable portions. The same. is alsotrue of the shape of the bearing tile.

The inner wall provides full depth of refractory wall thicknessthroughout, no metal mem bers extending into the wall. This is particularly important in insulated wall structure of the kind shown wherein,due to the heat retaining action of the insulation, the outer face ofthe refractory wall is at much higher temperature than would be the casewith an uninsulated wall.

The bearing tile provide effective ship-lap construction for allhorizontal joints.

Independent support of each horizontal row of wall tile is provided,thus permitting independent expansion of each of these rows andfurthermore, avoiding undue loading of the bearing tile. Thisadvantageous construction is obtained with a metal supporting structureof extreme simplicity which is both cheap to manufacture and easy toassemble. Individual wall tile and/or supporting tile, and sections ofthe refractory wall structure may readily be independently removedwithoutdisturbing any of the metal supporting parts.

Adequate space for a full depth of insulating material is readilyobtained.

In the form shown in Figs. 3 to 5, the weight of special castingsrequired is reduced to a minimum, the major portion of the supportingstructure being of standard forms of structural steel, and in thislatter form of construction it is possible to utilize the bearing tileto provide cantilever support for the wall tile adjacent any openingsthat may be required in the wall such as doors and the like. This latterfeature is indicated in Fig. 4 wherein the bearing tile 20?) is shownsupported so as to project past the clip 55a, thus enabling theprojecting portion to support wall tile in the manner of a cantileverbeam.

It will be evident that many changes and modifications may be made inthe specific design without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A furnace wall structure comprising an outer framework and includinga series. of vertically spaced supporting members having upwardly andinwardly inclined flanges, refractory bearing tile supported by saidmembers and projecting upwardly and inwardly therefrom, and rows ofrefractory wall tile supported by said bearing tile, the outer faces ofsaid wall tile being recessed for the reception of said bearing tile,and portions of said Wall tile being disposed between the inner faces ofsaid bearing tile and the furnace.

2. A furnace wall structure comprising an outer framework, verticallyspaced refractory bearing tile independently supported by said frameworkand projecting upwardly and inwardly therefrom, and rows of refractorywall tile supported by said bearing tile, the outer faces of said walltile being recessed to provide recesses terminating short of the innerface of the wall tile for the reception of said bearing tile and saidbearing tile extending into the recesses inwardly of the centers ofgravity of the wall tile.

3. A furnace wall structure comprising an inner refractory wallconsisting of a series of superposed horizontal rows of refractory walltile, said tile being notched at their outer corners to providehorizontally extending channel-like recesses in the outer face of therefractory wall, said recesses terminating short of the inner face ofthe refractory wall and extending upwardly and inwardly of said wall, aseries of horizontally extending refractory bearing tile extending intosaid recesses, said bearing tile projecting outwardly of the refractorywall, and an outer framework including supporting members for supportingsaid bearing tile.

4. A furnace wall structure comprising an outer framework including aseries of vertically spaced supporting members having vertically spacedbearing flanges, a series of refractory bearing tile supported betweenthe flanges of the several supporting members and having bearingsurfaces projecting inwardly and upwardly therefrom, and an innerrefractory wall comprising a series of superposed horizontal rows ofrefractory wall tile, said wall tile being recessed and said bearingtile extending into the recesses inwardly of the centers of gravity ofthe Wall tile but short of the inner faces of the wall tile and theinner ends of said bearing tile being protected by refractory materialfrom exposure to the furnace.

5. A furnace wall structure comprising an outer framework including aseries of vertically spaced supporting members having vertically spacedbearing flanges, a series of refractory bearing tile supported betweenthe flanges of the several supporting members and having bearingsurfaces projecting inwardly and upwardly therefrom, and an innerrefractory wall comprising a series of superposed horizontal rows ofrefractory wall tile, said wall tile being notched at their outercorners and the notches of the adjacent rows of tile registering toprovide a series of channel-like recesses at the outer edges of thejoints between the adjacent rows of wall tile and said bearing tileextending into said recesses to support the wall tile and to provide aship-lap joint between the inner and outer faces of the refractory Wall.

6. A furnace wall construction comprising a row of spaced verticalcolumns, a series of vertically spaced horizontally extending castingscarried by said columns and having horizontally extending substantiallycontinuous flanges projecting inwardly and upwardly of the wall, aseries of elongated bearing tile supported in the channels between saidflanges and projecting inwardly and upwardly therefrom to providesubstantially continuous refractory bearing shelves, and a plurality ofvertically superposed rows of refractory wall tile having their outerfaces notched to provide channels for the reception of said bearingtile, there being a separate supporting shelf for each of said rows ofwall tile.

7. A furnace wall structure comprising a row of spaced vertical columns,a series of vertically spaced horizontal supporting members carried bysaid columns, bearing tile carried by said supporting members andprojecting inwardly and upwardly therefrom, and a series of superposedhorizontal rows of wall tile recessed to receive and supported by saidbearing tile, said supporting members and said bearing tile formingsubstantially continuous horizontal shelves extending inwardly from saidcolumns and bridging the space between the columns and the wall tile,and said supporting members and bearing tile being perforated to providecommunication between the spaces above and below the several shelves.

8. A furnace wall structure comprising an outer framework including arow of spaced vertical columns and a series of vertically spacedhorizontally extending channels carried by and extending inwardly ofsaid columns, cast clip members carried by said channel members, saidclip members being horizontally spaced and having inwardly and upwardlyextending flanges, refractory bearing tile carried by said clip membersand projecting inwardly and upwardly therefrom and bridging the spacesbetween adjacent clip members in the same horizontal row, and aplurality of superposed rows of refractory wall tile recessed to receiveand deriving their support from said bearing tile.

9. In a furnace wall structure, a series of horizontal superposed rowsof refractory wall tile, the outer faces of said tile being recessed toprovide for the reception of supporting tile, a plurality of elongatedhorizontally extending refractory bearing tile, said bearing tile beingarranged to provide a series of vertically spaced substantiallycontinuous horizontally extending shelves, said shelves extendingupwardly and inwardly into the recesses in the Wall tile and projectingoutwardly therefrom, a plurality of horizontally spaced clip memberssupportingly engaging said bearing tile and an outer metal frameworkcarrying said clip members.

10. In a furnace wall structure, an inner refractory wall comprising aseries of vertically superposed horizontally extending rows of walltile, said tile being generally diamond shape to provide upwardly andinwardly inclined joints between the several rows of tile and said walltile being notched at their upper and lower outer corners to providehorizontally extending channels in the outer face of the refractorywall, said channels having upwardly and inwardly inclined upper andlower faces, elongated horizontally extending bearing tile of diamondshape crosssection extending into said recesses and projecting outwardlyfrom the face of the refractory wall, and metal supporting membershaving portions for supportingly embracing the projecting outer portionsof said bearing tile.

11. In a furnace wall structure, a series of vertically superposedhorizontally extending rows of refractory wall tile, said tile beinggenerally diamond shaped and having notches formed in their lower outercorners, a series of rows of horizontally extending bearing tile ofdiamond shape cross-section, each of said rows of bearing tileindependently supporting a different row of wall tile and extending intothe notches of the wall tile inwardly of the centers of gravity thereofand projecting outwardly of the refractory wall, and metal supportingmembers embracingly engaging the projecting outer portions of saidbearing tile. 7

12. In a furnace wall structure, a series of vertically superposedhorizontally extending rows of refractory wall tile, said tile beinggenerally diamond shaped and having notches formed in their lower outercorners, a series of rows of horizontally extending bearing tile ofdiamond shape cross-section, each of said rows of bearing tileindependently supporting a different row of wall tile and extending intothe notches of the wall tile inwardly of the centers of gravity thereofand projecting outwardly of the refractory wall, cast clip membersembracingly engaging the projecting outer portions of said bearing tileat horizontally spaced intervals, and an outer metal framework carryingsaid clip members.

13. In a furnace wall structure, a series of vertically superposedhorizontally extending rows of refractory wall tile, said tile beinggenerally diamond shaped and having notches formed in their lower outercorners, a series of rows of horizontally extending bearing tile ofdiamond shape cross-section, each of said rows of bearing tileindependently supporting a different row of Wall tile and extending intothe notches of, the wall tile inwardly of the centers of gravity thereofand projecting outwardly of the refractory wall, cast clip membersembracingly engaging the projecting outer portions of said bearing tileat horizontally spaced intervals, and an outer framework including aseries of vertically spaced horizontal channel members, said clipmembers being removably secured to and supported by said channelmembers.

14. For use in refractory furnace wall structure, a pair of like walltile of generally diamond shape arranged in vertically superposedrelation, the outer faces of said tile being notched at their upper andlower ends, the notch at the upper end of the subjacent tile and thenotch at the lower end of the superjacent tile cooperating to provide arecess situated partially in each of said tile and extending inwardly ofthe centers of gravity of the tile.

15. For use in refractory furnace wall struc ture, a pair of like walltile of generally diamond shape arranged in vertically superposedrelation, the outer faces of said tile being notched at their upper andlower ends, the notch at the upper end of the subjacent tile and thenotch at the lower end of the superjacent tile cooperating to provide arecess situated partially in each of said III tile and extendinginwardly of the centers of gravity of the tile, the upper and lowerfaces of said recess being inclined upwardly from the outer faces of thetile toward the inner faces thereof.

16. For use in refractory furnace wall structure, a pair of like walltile of generally diamond shape arranged in vertically superposedrelation, the outer faces of said tile being notched at their upper andlower ends, the notch at the upper end of the subjacent tile and thenotch at the lower end of the superjacent tile cooperating to provide arecess situated partially in each of said tile and extending inwardly ofthe centers of 1 gravity of the tile, the upper and lower faces of saidrecess being inclined upwardly from the outer faces of the tile towardthe inner faces thereof, and parallel to the upper and lower faces ofthe tile.

17. For use in refractory furnace wall structure, a refractory tile ofgenerally diamond shape having parallel upper and lower faces inclinedwith respect to the inner face of the tile, the outer face of the tilebeing notched at its upper and lower ends, said notches extending fromsaid outer face inwardly of the center of gravity of the tile, andhaving inclined faces parallel to said upper and lower faces.

18. For use in refractory furnace wall structure, a refractory tile ofgenerally diamond shape having parallel upper and lower faces inclinedwith respect to the inner face of the tile, the outer face of the tilebeing notched at its upper and lower ends, each of said notches having aface parallel to said upper and lower faces and 15 a face parallel tosaid inner face.

GEORGE W. DAVEY.

